![]() ![]() 5-HT produces a negative effect, whereas methylphenidate, a DA-releasing enhancer and reuptake inhibitor, produces a positive effect in exercise performance. This review primarily focuses on muscle fatigue, particularly during intense exercise, to provide a basic understanding and potential therapies for muscle fatigue.Ĭentral neurotransmitters, especially 5-HT, DA and NA, play important role during whole-body exercise and fatigue. It is also increases and restricts daily life under various pathological conditions, including neurological, muscular and cardiovascular disorders, as well as aging and frailty. 5, 6 Muscle fatigue is a commonly experienced phenomenon that limits athletic performance and other strenuous or prolonged activity. Central fatigue originates at the central nervous system (CNS), which decreases the neural drive to the muscle. ![]() Peripheral fatigue is produced by changes at or distal to the neuromuscular junction. 5 It can originate at different levels of the motor pathway and is usually divided into central and peripheral components. Muscle fatigue is defined as a decrease in maximal force or power production in response to contractile activity. 2, 3, 4 Fatigue can also be classified as mental fatigue, which refers to the cognitive or perceptual aspects of fatigue, and physical fatigue, which refers to the performance of the motor system. Acute fatigue can be quickly relieved by rest or life-style changes, whereas chronic fatigue is a condition defined as a persistent tiredness lasting >months that is not ameliorated by rest. According to its duration, fatigue can be classified into acute fatigue and chronic fatigue. There are many different fatigue classification methods. 1 Fatigue accumulation, if not resolved, leads to overwork, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), overtraining syndrome, and even endocrine disorders, immunity dysfunction, organic diseases and a threat to human health. Often defined as an overwhelming sense of tiredness, lack of energy and feeling of exhaustion, fatigue relates to a difficulty in performing voluntary tasks. Fatigue is a common non-specific symptom experienced by many people and is associated with many health conditions. ![]()
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